IBM
IBM (International Business Machines Corporation) has played a significant role in the history of computing. Founded in 1911, IBM has developed a wide range of influential technologies and products, including the punch card, mainframe computers, and the personal computer. The company has also been involved in developing and implementing important technological innovations, such as the Magnetic Strip Reader, the Hard Disk, and the floppy disk. The IBM logo is an iconic symbol of the computing industry, and the company has had a major influence on the development of technology and the modern world.
BTM
BTM (Bull Technical Machines) was a French computer manufacturer founded in 1950 by Marcel Hollerich. The company became one of the largest providers of mainframe computers in Europe, competing with IBM and Amdahl. BTM's main products included the BTM 1200 and the BTM TSU series, which were used in various industries such as banking, insurance, and government. The company was also known for its pioneering work in developing the first multimedia server and the first parallel processing system. In 1991, the company was acquired by Fujitsu and continued operations under the name Fujitsu Bull.
ENIAC
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) was the world's first large-scale, general-purpose electronic computer, developed by John William Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at the University of Pennsylvania in 1946. It was used primarily for calculating ballistic trajectories during World War II, but it also found applications in various fields, such as physics and meteorology. The ENIAC was capable of performing around 5,000 calculations per second, making it far superior to existing mechanical computing machines. The original ENIAC was decommissioned in 1951, but several replicas of the computer have been built since then to showcase its historical significance. ENIAC influenced the design of later generations of computers, including the UNIVAC I and the ILLAC-IV.
EDSAC
EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator) was the first operational computer to be used in the United Kingdom. Designed and developed by Maurice Wilkes and his team at the University of Cambridge's Mathematical Laboratory, EDSAC was commissioned in 1949, making it the third-oldest operational computer in the world. EDSAC was widely used for scientific research and engineering calculations, making it an important milestone in the development of the British computer industry. The original EDSAC was decommissioned in 1958, but its design influenced the development of later computers, such as the ICL 1900 and the Ferranti Sirius I. In 1984, a replica of EDSAC was built and installed at the Science Museum in London, where it remains on display today.
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